These pages give information on my research activities.
Under the menu button above this page you can find various links.
Scientific publications can be found in the PURE-database.
Under the menu button above this page you can find various links.
Scientific publications can be found in the PURE-database.
Author | Title | Year | Journal/Proceedings | Reftype | DOI/URL |
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Augenbroe, G., Chase, S., W.Rombouts and Schipper, H. | Information Models of Building Design | 1993 | Advanced Technologies, pp. 355-364 | inproceedings | |
Comment: journal - peer-reviewed | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Augenbroe1993, author = {G.L.M. Augenbroe and S.C. Chase and W.Rombouts and H.R. Schipper}, title = {Information Models of Building Design}, booktitle = {Advanced Technologies}, year = {1993}, pages = {355-364} } |
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Bartoli, L., Grünewald, S., Schipper, H., Yang, Y. and Hordijk, D. | The Production Effect on the Performance of Panels Cast with Self-compacting Fibre Reinforced Concrete | 2014 | (ISBN: 978-2-35158-150-6)SHCC3 - 3rd Intemational RILEM Conference on Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites, 3-5 November 2014, Dordrecht, The Netherlands | inproceedings | |
Comment: CPR | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Bartoli2014, author = {Bartoli, L. and Grünewald, S. and Schipper, H.R. and Yang, Y. and Hordijk, D.}, title = {The Production Effect on the Performance of Panels Cast with Self-compacting Fibre Reinforced Concrete}, booktitle = {SHCC3 - 3rd Intemational RILEM Conference on Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites, 3-5 November 2014, Dordrecht, The Netherlands}, publisher = {RILEM S.A.R.L. Publications}, year = {2014}, number = {ISBN: 978-2-35158-150-6} } |
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Eigenraam, P. and Schipper, H. | Concepts and prototypes for flexible moulds for production of double curved elements | 2015 | Proceedings of the International Society Of Flexible Formwork (ISOFF) Symposium, Amsterdam | inproceedings | URL |
Comment: CPR | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Eigenraam2015, author = {P. Eigenraam and H.R. Schipper}, title = {Concepts and prototypes for flexible moulds for production of double curved elements}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Society Of Flexible Formwork (ISOFF) Symposium, Amsterdam}, publisher = {KIVI}, year = {2015}, url = {http://1drv.ms/1fAM1fq} } |
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Eigenraam, P. and Schipper, H.R. | Patent NL2011770C: Apparatus for forming a curved panel from a flat panel | 2015 | (NL2011770C) | patent | URL |
Comment: PAT | |||||
BibTeX:
@patent{Eigenraam2015a, author = {Peter Eigenraam and Hugo Raoul Schipper}, title = {Patent NL2011770C: Apparatus for forming a curved panel from a flat panel}, year = {2015}, number = {NL2011770C}, url = {http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=NL&NR=2011770C&KC=C&FT=D&ND=4&date=20150511&DB=EPODOC&locale=nl_NL} } |
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Grünewald, S., Janssen, B., Schipper, H.R. and Walraven, J.C. | Deliberate deformation of concrete after casting | 2012 | Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Flexible Formwork, ICFF, pp. 132-139 | inproceedings | |
Abstract: This paper discusses the effect of intentional deformation of a flexible formwork after casting of the concrete and the influence of the characteristics of concrete in the fresh state on the quality of a concrete element. This deformation is intended to bring the concrete element in its desired final shape; the deformation typically takes place in the first hour after casting. In this research thin double-curved precast shell or cladding elements are considered. The paper introduces the method used to support the flexible formwork and focuses on the concrete technology necessary to control the process of deformation after casting. Relevant parameters are discussed that influence the concrete’s behaviour shortly after casting. Rheological characteristics of the fresh concrete appear to be particularly important for the design of a suitable mixture. Since from traditional concrete research little experimental data on deformation after casting appeared to be available, experiments were carried out to test a number of prepositions. Results of these experiments are shown as well. | |||||
Comment: CPR | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Grunewald2012, author = {Steffen Grünewald and Bas Janssen and Hugo Raoul Schipper and Joost C Walraven}, title = {Deliberate deformation of concrete after casting}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Flexible Formwork, ICFF}, publisher = {CICM and University of Bath, Dept. of Architecture and Civil Engineering}, year = {2012}, pages = {132-139} } |
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Grünewald, S. and Schipper, H.R. | Bewehrungskonzepte für dünne Platten | 2015 | BWI BetonWerk International Vol. 2 |
periodical | |
Abstract: Die Zahl der Anwendungen mit dünnen, gekrümmten oder doppelt gekrümmten Teilen, die haufig als Fassadenkonstruktionsteile hergestellt werden, nimmt schnell zu. Weil dünne Platten schlank sind und relativ wenig wiegen, sind sie ebenfalls als Schutz-, Verstarkungs- oder zweite Tragschicht von Interesse. Die Herstellung von dünnen, doppelt gekrümmten Elementen [1] und die Anwendung von Textilbewehrungen in dünnen Platten [2] wurde in früheren CPI-Veröffentlichungen behandelt. Die Bewehrung von dünnen Platten stellt besondere Anforderungen bei der Materialauswahl und Fertigung mit unmittelbaren Folgen für die Leistung der Bauteilstruktur. In diesem Artikel werden vier Fallstudien mit Bezug auf die Fertigung dünner Platten (Bodenplatten und gekrümmte Fassadenplatten) zusammengefasst. | |||||
Comment: professional publication | |||||
BibTeX:
@periodical{Grunewald2015, author = {Steffen Grünewald and Hugo Raoul Schipper}, title = {Bewehrungskonzepte für dünne Platten}, journal = {BWI BetonWerk International}, year = {2015}, volume = {2} } |
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Kok, M., Schipper, H., Grünewald, S. and Nijsse, R. | Double-curved Textile Reinforced Concrete Panels with Tensile Strain-hardening Characteristics | 2014 | (ISBN: 978-2-35158-150-6)SHCC3 - 3rd Intemational RILEM Conference on Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites, 3-5 November 2014, Dordrecht, The Netherlands | inproceedings | |
Comment: conference- peer-reviewed | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Kok2014, author = {Kok, M.A.D and Schipper, H.R. and Grünewald, S. and Nijsse, R.}, title = {Double-curved Textile Reinforced Concrete Panels with Tensile Strain-hardening Characteristics}, booktitle = {SHCC3 - 3rd Intemational RILEM Conference on Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites, 3-5 November 2014, Dordrecht, The Netherlands}, publisher = {RILEM S.A.R.L. Publications}, year = {2014}, number = {ISBN: 978-2-35158-150-6} } |
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Ploemen, J., Nijs, L., Pleysier, J. and Schipper, H. | Wind-induced sound on buildings and structures [BibTeX] |
2011 | Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Wind Engineering, Amsterdam | inproceedings | URL |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ploemen2011, author = {Ploemen, J.C.F and Nijs, L. and Pleysier, J.A. and Schipper, H.R.}, title = {Wind-induced sound on buildings and structures}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Wind Engineering, Amsterdam}, publisher = {Publisher: Multi-Science Publishing Co Ltd ISBN number: 978-1-907132-33-9}, year = {2011}, note = {De proceedings worden door Multiscience gepubliceerd, de ISBN is 978-1-907132-32-2. Ik zag net ook dat zij ook een 'digital book of abstracts' publiceren, de ISBN hiervan is 978-1-907132-33-9.}, url = {www.multi-science.co.uk} } |
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Schipper, H., Eigenraam, P., Soru, M., Grünewald, S., Gavran, I., Michel, M., Pronk, A., Erinkveld, D., H.El Ghazi, Janmaat, M., Lusing, T., van Rijbroek, E., Schuijers, N., Verboord, M. and Versteeg, R. | Kine-Mould - flexible mould system opens up wide range of possibilities [BibTeX] |
2015 | 3TU.Bouw - centre of excellence for the built environment - 'Week van de Bouw' special issue | inbook | URL |
BibTeX:
@inbook{Schipper2015, author = {H.R. Schipper and P. Eigenraam and M. Soru and S. Grünewald and I. Gavran and M. Michel and A. Pronk and D. Erinkveld and H.El Ghazi and M. Janmaat and T. Lusing and E. van Rijbroek and N. Schuijers and M. Verboord and R. Versteeg}, title = {Kine-Mould - flexible mould system opens up wide range of possibilities}, booktitle = {3TU.Bouw - centre of excellence for the built environment - 'Week van de Bouw' special issue}, year = {2015}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7480/spool.2014.2.932.g1096} } |
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Schipper, H.R. | Prefabricated double curved concrete panels - PhD project Roel Schipper | 2009 | U-profile Vol. November, pp. 54-58 |
periodical | |
Comment: professional publication | |||||
BibTeX:
@periodical{Schipper2009, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper}, title = {Prefabricated double curved concrete panels - PhD project Roel Schipper}, journal = {U-profile}, year = {2009}, volume = {November}, pages = {54-58} } |
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Schipper, H.R. | Frei geformte Betonbauteile - Finden einer Fertigungsmethode | 2010 | IFF Weimar - 17. Internationale IFF-Fachtagung | inproceedings | |
Abstract: Aufgrund der Komplexität der Blob-Architektur sind bei vielen frei geformten Bauwerken keine sich wiederholenden Bauelemente zu unterscheiden. Die meisten Entwürfe für solche Nicht-Standard-Bauten sehen einfach oder doppelt gekrümmte Oberflächen vor, die eine komplexe Gestaltung der Formen und Bauteilkanten erfordern. Die Kosten für derartige Betonfertigteil-Schalungen haben einen nicht unerheblichen Anteil am Endpreis pro Bauteil bzw. Quadratmeter. Daher ist die wirtschaftliche Umsetzung von Bauten aus frei geformten Betonfertigteilen bisher bei weitem nicht optimal. Ziel des hier vorgestellten Promotions-Forschungsprojektes an derTechnischen Universität Delft, Fakultät für Bauingenieurwesen, ist die Verbesserung der Einsatzfähigkeit von Betonfertigteilen durch die Entwicklung einer flexiblen Form. Den Abschluss der Forschungsarbeit soll eine Beschreibung der Auslegungsspezifikationen der wesentlichen Teile einer solchen flexiblen Form bilden, untersetzt durch theoretische und experimen telle Untersuchungen als Machbarkeitsnachweis. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schipper2010a, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper}, title = {Frei geformte Betonbauteile - Finden einer Fertigungsmethode}, booktitle = {IFF Weimar - 17. Internationale IFF-Fachtagung}, year = {2010} } |
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Schipper, H.R. | cyr Lroizvodstvo Betonnykh Zlementov S Dvumya Krivoline˘ inymi Konturami - Primenenie Peredovykh Proizvodstvennykh Metodov V Sozdanii Svobodnykh Arkhitekturnykh Form (Manufacturing Of Double-curved Concrete Elements - Enabling free-form architecture through advanced manufacturing methods) [BibTeX] |
2011 | cyr Beton I Zhelezobeton (Concrete and Reinforced Concrete) Vol. 1, pp. 48-52 |
periodical | URL |
BibTeX:
@periodical{Schipper2011a, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper}, title = {cyr Lroizvodstvo Betonnykh Zlementov S Dvumya Krivoline˘ inymi Konturami - Primenenie Peredovykh Proizvodstvennykh Metodov V Sozdanii Svobodnykh Arkhitekturnykh Form (Manufacturing Of Double-curved Concrete Elements - Enabling free-form architecture through advanced manufacturing methods)}, journal = {cyr Beton I Zhelezobeton (Concrete and Reinforced Concrete)}, year = {2011}, volume = {1}, pages = {48-52}, url = {http://www.slavutich-media.ru/catalog/beton_i_zhelezobeton/} } |
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Schipper, H.R. | Double-curved precast concrete elements - Research into technical viability of the flexible mould method [BibTeX] |
2015 | School: Delft University of Technology | phdthesis | DOI |
BibTeX:
@phdthesis{Schipper2015b, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper}, title = {Double-curved precast concrete elements - Research into technical viability of the flexible mould method}, school = {Delft University of Technology}, year = {2015}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:cc231be1-662c-4b1f-a1ca-8be22c0c4177} } |
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Schipper, H.R. and Augenbroe, G. | An Information Model of Energy Performance in Early Building Design [BibTeX] |
1994 | Second Conference on Design and Decision Support Systems | inproceedings | |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schipper1994, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and G.L.M. Augenbroe}, title = {An Information Model of Energy Performance in Early Building Design}, booktitle = {Second Conference on Design and Decision Support Systems}, year = {1994} } |
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Schipper, H.R., Eigenraam, P., Grünewald, S., Soru, M., Nap, P., Van Overveld, B. and Vermeulen, J. | Kine-Mould: Manufacturing technology for curved architectural elements in concrete | 2015 | Proceedings of the International Society Of Flexible Formwork (ISOFF) Symposium, Amsterdam | inproceedings | URL |
Abstract: The production of architectural elements with complex geometry is challenging for concrete manufacturers. CNC-milled foam moulds have been applied frequently in the last decades, resulting in good aesthetical performance, however still at high costs and large volumes of waste. This paper describes the preliminary outcomes of an R&D project funded by STW, the Dutch Technology Foundation, and executed in close cooperation with industry. The work aimed at offering a viable alternative technology for CNC-milling, reducing cost and material waste at the same time. By constructing a prototype of a flexible mould system, and evaluating its viability in the production environment of a concrete factory, conclusions could be drawn on the feasibility. The context for the R&D project was formed by a project on the drawing board at the start of the research - a subway station in London - for which double-curved cladding elements needed to be produced. This paper discusses the principles of the technology, the construction of the prototype and the performance evaluation and accuracy. Some of the more fundamental technical aspects of the technology will be discussed in a second paper in the parallel ISOFF conference. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schipper2015c, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Peter Eigenraam and Steffen Grünewald and Mattheo Soru and Pieter Nap and Bjorn Van Overveld and Jos Vermeulen}, title = {Kine-Mould: Manufacturing technology for curved architectural elements in concrete}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Society Of Flexible Formwork (ISOFF) Symposium, Amsterdam}, publisher = {KIVI}, year = {2015}, url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iass/piass/2015/00002015/00000001/art00013} } |
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Schipper, H.R., Eigenraam, P., Nap, P., Overveld, B. and Grünewald, S. | Kine-Mould - Manufacturing architectural elements with complex geometry using a flexible kinematic mould system [BibTeX] |
2014 | School: Proposal for Technology Foundation STW Valorisation Grant phase 1 | techreport | |
BibTeX:
@techreport{Schipper2014b, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Peter Eigenraam and Pieter Nap and Bjorn Overveld and Steffen Grünewald}, title = {Kine-Mould - Manufacturing architectural elements with complex geometry using a flexible kinematic mould system}, school = {Proposal for Technology Foundation STW Valorisation Grant phase 1}, year = {2014} } |
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Schipper, H.R. and Grünewald, S. | Efficient material use through smart flexible formwork method [BibTeX] |
2014 | Environmentally Friendly Concrete Eco-Crete - Proceedings of the International Symposium on Eco-Crete, Reykjavik, Iceland 13.-15. August, pp. 61-68 | inproceedings | |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schipper2014a, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Steffen Grünewald}, title = {Efficient material use through smart flexible formwork method}, booktitle = {Environmentally Friendly Concrete Eco-Crete - Proceedings of the International Symposium on Eco-Crete, Reykjavik, Iceland 13.-15. August}, year = {2014}, pages = {61-68} } |
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Schipper, H.R., Grünewald, S., Eigenraam, P., Raghunath, P. and Kok, M. | Production of Curved Precast Concrete Elements for Shell Structures and Free-form Architecture using the Flexible Mould Method | 2015 | New Building Materials & Construction World Vol. 20(8), pp. 100-112 |
article | URL |
Abstract: Free-form buildings tend to be expensive. By optimizing the production process, economical and well-performing precast concrete structures can be manufactured. In this paper, a method is presented that allows producing highly accurate double curved-elements without the need for milling two expensive mould surfaces per single element. The flexible mould is fully reusable and the benefits of applying self-compacting concrete are utilised.The flexible mould process work as follows: Thin concrete panels are cast in a horizontally positioned flexible mould, using a self-levelling concrete. After a certain initial hardening, the mould is deformed and the concrete is allowed to harden further. The knowledge about rheological characteristics is essential during casting and to find the suitable moment for the mould to be deformed. The behaviour of the concrete in the plastic stage is important: A) to allow the concrete to follow the deformation of the flexible mould, B) to counteract its movement under a slope and C) to prevent cracking in an early phase. After the flexible mould has reached its final position, the concrete develops its strength and can be demoulded in a short production-cycle; aesthetically attractive elements of different and complex geometries can be produced with the same reusable mould. | |||||
BibTeX:
@article{Schipper2015a, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Steffen Grünewald and Peter Eigenraam and Prashanth Raghunath and Merijn Kok}, title = {Production of Curved Precast Concrete Elements for Shell Structures and Free-form Architecture using the Flexible Mould Method}, journal = {New Building Materials & Construction World}, year = {2015}, volume = {20}, number = {8}, pages = {100-112}, url = {http://nbmcw.com/Online_Edition/NBMCW/February-2015/index.htm} } |
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Schipper, H.R., Grünewald, S., Eigenraam, P., Raghunath, P. and Kok, M.A.D. | Optimization of the flexible mould process for the production of double-curved concrete elements [BibTeX] |
2014 | Program and Book of Abstracts for the 1st Concrete Innovation Conference (CIC), Oslo 11th-13th of June, pp. 88 | inproceedings | |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schipper2014, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Steffen Grünewald and Peter Eigenraam and Prashanth Raghunath and Merijn A D Kok}, title = {Optimization of the flexible mould process for the production of double-curved concrete elements}, booktitle = {Program and Book of Abstracts for the 1st Concrete Innovation Conference (CIC), Oslo 11th-13th of June}, year = {2014}, pages = {88} } |
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Schipper, H.R., Grünewald, S., Kok, M.A.D., Nijsse, R. and Raghunath, P. | Frei geformte Betonfertigteile - Verwendung von SVB und Textilbewehrung | 2013 | BetonWerk International(5), pp. 174-180 | periodical | |
Abstract: In einem vorangegangenen Beitrag (BWI-Ausgabe August 2011 [1]) wurde ein Produktionsverfatiren für die Herstellung frei geformter Betonfertigteile mit einer Dicke von wenigen Zentimetern unter Verwendung eines flexiblen Schalungssystems vorgestellt. Dieses System ist das zentrale Thema der Dissertation des erstgenannten Autors über die Realisierung von Betonbauwerken in Freiformarchitektur (vgl. Abb. 1). Die mit Hilfe flexibler Schalungen gefertigten Betonfertigteile sind für zahlreiche architektonische Zwecke einsetzbar, die auf einer geschwungenen Formgebung basieren, wie z. B. Fassadenverkleidungen oder Dachelemente. Das System basiert im Wesentlichen auf einer wieder verwendbaren und biegsamen glatten Oberflache, die in eine Vielzahl von Geometrien verformbar ist, mit frei formbaren Bauteilkanten. Im vorangegangenen BWI-Artikel wurde geschlussfolgert, dass einige Aspekte noch weiter zu untersuchen seien, darunter die Wahl der geeignetsten Betonmischungen und die Verwendung von Faserbewehrung. im vorliegenden Beitrag werden nun die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung dieser Aspekte vorgestellt: Als ausschlaggebend für die Wahl der Mischung erwiesen sich die zeitabhangige Verarbeitbarkeit sowie das Verformungsvermögen nach dem Betonieren unter Vermeidung von Rissbildungen. ZurVerstarkung der Elemente wurde darüber hinaus eine flexible Textilbewehrung auf AR-Glas-Basis verwendet, die im nicht ausgeharteten Zustand verformbar ist. Es wurden experimentelle Untersuchungen durchgeführt, um die Position der Bewehrung nach der Verformung und den Beitrag der Textilien zur Festigkeit der Elemente zu überprüfen. | |||||
BibTeX:
@periodical{Schipper2013, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Steffen Grünewald and Merijn A D Kok and Rob Nijsse and Prashanth Raghunath}, title = {Frei geformte Betonfertigteile - Verwendung von SVB und Textilbewehrung}, journal = {BetonWerk International}, year = {2013}, number = {5}, pages = {174--180} } |
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Schipper, H.R., Grünewald, S. and Raghunath, P. | Rheological Parameters used for deliberate Deformation of a Flexible Mould after Casting | 2013 | RILEM Proceedings PRO90 - additional DVD | inproceedings | |
Abstract: This paper describes how curved precast concrete elements can be manufactured in an open and reusable flexible mould. The proposed method reduces formwork costs of architectural freeform elements in concrete. First, the method is described briefly, then a series of tests are discussed, demonstrating that by measuring the rheological parameters of the mixture during the process, the right moment of deformation can be determined. The measurements show that thixotropic behavior for this manufacturing method is very helpful, since it leads to a quick increase of the yield strength of the fresh concrete, but still leaves the concrete deformable in order to prevent cracking caused by the movement of the mould. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schipper2013a, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Steffen Grünewald and Prashanth Raghunath}, title = {Rheological Parameters used for deliberate Deformation of a Flexible Mould after Casting}, booktitle = {RILEM Proceedings PRO90 - additional DVD}, year = {2013} } |
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Schipper, H.R. and Janssen, B. | Manufacturing Double-Curved Elements In Precast Concrete Using A Flexible Mould - First Experimental Results | 2011 | Vol. 1Proceedings fib Symposium PRAGUE, pp. 883-886 |
inproceedings | |
Abstract: The manufacturing of double-curved precast concrete elements is still expensive, due to the high costs and limited possibilities for repetitive use of the moulds or formwork. The goal of the research described in this paper is to develop a production method that overcomes these difficulties by enabling the mould to be reused many times and by making the shape of the mould adjustable in a flexible way. First the paper gives an introduction of free-form architecture and the issues related to realizing complex geometry in concrete. Sequentially, the paper reports on the structural mechanics models that have been developed to accurately describe the behaviour of a flexible mould material. Finally laboratory experiments are reported, that are based on the concept of deforming an initially flat concrete element into a curved shape after a short initial hardening period. After this deformation process further hardening will take place in the final curved shape. The advantages of starting with an initial flat layer are that no contra-mould is needed, the element thickness can be controlled accurately and the casting process is relatively quick and simple. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schipper2011, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Bas Janssen}, title = {Manufacturing Double-Curved Elements In Precast Concrete Using A Flexible Mould - First Experimental Results}, booktitle = {Proceedings fib Symposium PRAGUE}, year = {2011}, volume = {1}, pages = {883-886}, note = {ISBN 978-80-87158-29-6} } |
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Schipper, H.R. and Janssen, B. | Curving Concrete - A Method for Manufacturing Double Curved Precast Concrete Panels using a Flexible Mould [BibTeX] |
2011 | 2011 IABSE-IASS conference London | inproceedings | |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schipper2011b, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Bas Janssen}, title = {Curving Concrete - A Method for Manufacturing Double Curved Precast Concrete Panels using a Flexible Mould}, booktitle = {2011 IABSE-IASS conference London}, year = {2011} } |
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Schipper, H.R. and Janssen, B. | Manufacturing Double Curved Precast Concrete Panels [BibTeX] |
2011 | Concrete Plant International Vol. 4, pp. 32-38 |
periodical | |
BibTeX:
@periodical{Schipper2011c, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Bas Janssen}, title = {Manufacturing Double Curved Precast Concrete Panels}, journal = {Concrete Plant International}, year = {2011}, volume = {4}, pages = {32-38} } |
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Schipper, H.R. and Vamberský, J. | A flexible mould for double curved pre-cast concrete elements [BibTeX] |
2010 | Precast2010 - Het nieuwe bouwen in prefab beton - Assembling freeform buildings in precast concrete | proceedings | |
BibTeX:
@proceedings{Schipper2010, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Vamberský, J.N.J.A.}, title = {A flexible mould for double curved pre-cast concrete elements}, booktitle = {Precast2010 - Het nieuwe bouwen in prefab beton - Assembling freeform buildings in precast concrete}, publisher = {Delft University of Technology}, year = {2010}, note = {Precast2010} } |
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Schipper, H.R. and Vamberský, J. | Flexibles Schalungssystem für zweifach gebogene Betonfertigteile | 2010 | BFT International Vol. 8 |
periodical | |
Abstract: Die Herstellung von zweifach gebogenen Betonfertigteilen ist aufgrund der hohen Kosten und der begrenzten Wiederverwendbarkeit der eingesetzten Schalung oder Formen nach wie vor kostspielig. Das Ziel eines kürzlich an der Technischen Universität Delft angelaufenen PhDProjekts ist die Entwicklung eines Produktionsverfahrens ohne jene schwierigkeiten mittels mehrfachen Schalungseinsatzes. Außerdem soll durch eine flexible Anpassungsfähigkeit der Schalung an die entsprechende Formgebung eine Optimierung erzielt werden. Im Beitrag werden das Forschungsziel und die Verfahrensweise des PhD-Projekts beschrieben. | |||||
BibTeX:
@periodical{Schipper2010b, author = {Hugo Raoul Schipper and Vamberský, J.N.J.A.}, title = {Flexibles Schalungssystem für zweifach gebogene Betonfertigteile}, journal = {BFT International}, year = {2010}, volume = {8} } |
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Woodington, W., Bergsma, O. and Schipper, H. | Shear-deforming textile reinforced concrete for the construction of double-curved elements [BibTeX] |
2015 | Proceedings of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS) Symposium, Amsterdam | inproceedings | URL |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Woodington2015, author = {W.G. Woodington and O.K. Bergsma and H.R. Schipper}, title = {Shear-deforming textile reinforced concrete for the construction of double-curved elements}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS) Symposium, Amsterdam}, publisher = {KIVI}, year = {2015}, url = {http://1drv.ms/1Nv88CW} } |
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Greco, A., Konstantinou, T., Schipper, H., Binnekamp, R., Gerritsen, E., de Graaf, R. and van den Dobbelsteen, A. | Business Case Study for the Zero Energy Refurbishment of Commercial Buildings | 2017 | Expanding Boundaries: Systems Thinking in the Built Environment | inproceedings | DOI URL |
Abstract: In Europe, the DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU requires increasing the number of nearly zero energy buildings. The existing building stock needs to be included in order to achieve the 2020 EU environmental targets. The main barriers of energy neutral refurbishment of existing non-residential buildings appear to be financial rather than technical, next to a number of other extrinsic factors that do not stimulate such an investment. While a business case for new energy neutral buildings is believed to exist, controversial opinions can be found with respect to refurbishment of existing large buildings. Let properties, in particular, have a harder-to-justify business case because of contractual agreements between landlord and tenant: the former is usually accountable for renovation and the latter for energy bills.
The present study aims at providing an overview of the barriers and benefits of energy neutral refurbishment according to relevant stakeholders. Through interviews with real estate investors, energy service companies and tenants, the main interests and risks encountered today to undertake deep energy retrofit as well as technical constraints were investigated. Subsequently, a roundtable discussion was organized with the interviewed real estate investors. During the roundtable, the investment needed to refurbish an existing office building, meeting the zero energy target was presented and different strategies to improve the financial attractiveness of energy retrofitting were discussed. The study has shown that combining different benefits in the renovation is fundamental to convince investors. When the design provides additional benefits, such as increasing the rent, or allocating an energy budget to the tenant, the refurbishment can become feasible. Ultimately, a screening-checklist is proposed for a qualitative estimation of the potentials offered by a given building for a feasible energy neutral refurbishment. |
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BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Greco2017, author = {Greco, A and Konstantinou, T. and Schipper, H.R. and Binnekamp, R. and Gerritsen, E. and de Graaf, R. and van den Dobbelsteen, A.}, title = {Business Case Study for the Zero Energy Refurbishment of Commercial Buildings}, booktitle = {Expanding Boundaries: Systems Thinking in the Built Environment}, year = {2017}, url = {http://vdf.ch/expanding-boundaries.html}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3218/3774-6} } |
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Zheng, X., Kurvers, S., van den Engel, P., Schipper, H. and Bluyssen, P.M. | Thermal comfort in a naturally ventilated high-rise residential building [BibTeX] |
2016 | Indoor Air 2016 - Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, pp. paper 229 | inproceedings | |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Zheng2016, author = {Zheng, X and Kurvers, S. and van den Engel, P. and Schipper, H.R. and Bluyssen, P. M.}, title = {Thermal comfort in a naturally ventilated high-rise residential building}, booktitle = {Indoor Air 2016 - Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate}, year = {2016}, pages = {paper 229} } |
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Grünewald, S., Schipper, H. and Hordijk, D. | Double-curved panels produced in a flexible mould with self-compacting fibre-reinforced concrete | 2016 | Proceedings of HiPerMat 2016 - 4th Internation Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete and High Performance Construction Materials, pp. 163-164 | inproceedings | URL |
Abstract: The number of applications with thin flat, curved or double-curved elements often produced as architectural elements for façades is rising fast. If the repetition factor of the elements is limited, which is often the case in free-form architecture, the high number of unique moulds makes this type of architecture economically less viable. Furthermore, a large volume of waste is produced through milling as a consequence of the production of unique elements. The reinforcement of thin panels poses specific demands on the material selection and production process, which directly affects their structural performance. This paper discusses a flexible mould technique, which has been developed in order to produce thin double-curved elements with concrete. Fibres are added to provide strength and ductility, the degree to what was determined by flexural testing of prisms and point-loading of thin plates. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Grunewald2016, author = {Grünewald, S. and Schipper, H.R. and Hordijk, D.}, title = {Double-curved panels produced in a flexible mould with self-compacting fibre-reinforced concrete}, booktitle = {Proceedings of HiPerMat 2016 - 4th Internation Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete and High Performance Construction Materials}, publisher = {kassel university press GmbH, Kassel}, year = {2016}, pages = {163-164}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0002-400959} } |
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Ravenshorst, G., Esposito, R., Schipper, H., Messali, F., Tsouvalas, A., Lourens, E. and Rots, J. | Structural Behaviour of a Calcium Silicate Brick Masonry Assemblage: Quasi-static Cyclic Pushover and Dynamic Identification Test [BibTeX] |
2016 | School: Delft University of Technology | techreport | |
BibTeX:
@techreport{Ravenshorst2016, author = {Ravenshorst, G. and Esposito, R. and Schipper, H.R. and Messali, F. and Tsouvalas, A. and Lourens, E. and Rots, J.G.}, title = {Structural Behaviour of a Calcium Silicate Brick Masonry Assemblage: Quasi-static Cyclic Pushover and Dynamic Identification Test}, school = {Delft University of Technology}, year = {2016} } |
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Schipper, H., Eigenraam, P., Soru, M., Grunewald, S. and Pronk, A. | 4TU.Federation Lighthouse project Kine-Mould, Material efficiency using a flexible kinematic mould system. https://www.4tu.nl/bouw/en/lighthouse2014/kine-mould/ [BibTeX] |
2015 | www | URL | |
BibTeX:
@www{Schipper2015d, author = {Schipper, H.R. and Eigenraam, P. and Soru, M. and Grunewald, S. and Pronk, A.}, title = {4TU.Federation Lighthouse project Kine-Mould, Material efficiency using a flexible kinematic mould system. https://www.4tu.nl/bouw/en/lighthouse2014/kine-mould/}, year = {2015}, url = {https://www.4tu.nl/bouw/en/LHP2014/kine-mould/} } |
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Hawkins, W.J., Herrmann, M., Ibell, T.J., Kromoser, B., Michaelski, A., Orr, J.J., Pedreschi, R., Pronk, A., Schipper, H.R., Shepherd, P., Veenendaal, D., Wansdronk, R. and West, M.H. | Flexible formwork technologies: A state of the art review | 2016 | Structural Concrete, pp. 911-935 | article | DOI URL |
Abstract: Concrete is our most widely used construction material. Worldwide consumption of cement, the strength-giving component of concrete, is estimated at 4.10 Gt per year, rising from 2.22 Gt just ten years ago [1]. This rate of consumption means that cement manufacture alone is estimated to account for 5.2 % of global carbon dioxide emissions [2].Concrete offers the opportunity to economically create structures of almost any geometry. Yet its unique fluidity is seldom capitalised upon, with concrete instead being cast into rigid, flat moulds to create unoptimised geometries that result in high material use structures with large carbon footprints. This paper will explore flexible formwork construction technologies which embrace the fluidity of concrete to facilitate the practical construction of concrete structures with complex and efficient geometries.This paper presents the current state of the art in flexible formwork technology, highlighting practical uses, research challenges and new opportunities. | |||||
BibTeX:
@article{Hawkins2016, author = {Hawkins, W. J. and Herrmann, M. and Ibell, T. J. and Kromoser, B. and Michaelski, A. and Orr, J. J. and Pedreschi, R. and Pronk, A. and Schipper, H. R. and Shepherd, P. and Veenendaal, D. and Wansdronk, R. and West, M. Hawkings}, title = {Flexible formwork technologies: A state of the art review}, journal = {Structural Concrete}, publisher = {Ernst & Sohn}, year = {2016}, pages = {911-935}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/suco.201600117}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201600117} } |
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Esposito, R., Terwel, K., Ravenshorst, G., Schipper, H., Messali, F. and Rots, J. | Cyclic Pushover Test on an Unreinforced Masonry Structure Resembling a Typical Dutch Terraced House | 2017 | Proceedings of the 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 16WCEE 2017 | inproceedings | |
Abstract: During the last years, induced seismicity in the northern part of the Netherlands increased and the seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures became an important issue. As the problem is recent, the current building stock is not designed to withstand earthquakes and national guidelines are under development, but currently not yet legally mandatory. Consequently, the validation of analysis methods, such as numerical models, for the assessment of URM buildings became of importance. In order to provide benchmarks for the validation procedures, an extensive experimental campaign was carried out at Delft University of Technology in 2015. The campaign selected as case study a terraced house typology, which was extensively built in the Netherlands during the period 1960-1980. The focus was on the characterisation of the typology at various levels: material, connection, component and assemblage level. In this paper, the experimental findings related to a cyclic pushover test on an assembled structure resembling a typical Dutch terraced house are presented. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Esposito2017, author = {Esposito, R. and Terwel, K.C. and Ravenshorst, G.J.P. and Schipper, H.R. and Messali, F. and Rots, J.G.}, title = {Cyclic Pushover Test on an Unreinforced Masonry Structure Resembling a Typical Dutch Terraced House}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 16WCEE 2017}, year = {2017} } |
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Schipper, H. and Ham, P. | Inspection of Calcium Silicate Factory VNK Koningsbosch [BibTeX] |
2016 | (C31B67WP5-3)School: TU Delft | techreport | |
BibTeX:
@techreport{Schipper2016, author = {Schipper, H.R. and Ham, P.H.}, title = {Inspection of Calcium Silicate Factory VNK Koningsbosch}, school = {TU Delft}, year = {2016}, number = {C31B67WP5-3} } |
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Ham, P. and Schipper, H. | Construction Report of the Full-scale Assemblage [BibTeX] |
2017 | School: Delft University of Technology | techreport | |
BibTeX:
@techreport{Ham2017, author = {Ham, P.H. and Schipper, H.R.}, title = {Construction Report of the Full-scale Assemblage}, school = {Delft University of Technology}, year = {2017} } |
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Schipper, H. and Eigenraam, P. | Maakbaarheid - Flexibele herbruikbare mal [BibTeX] |
2016 | www | URL | |
BibTeX:
@www{Schipper2016a, author = {Schipper, H.R. and Eigenraam, P.}, title = {Maakbaarheid - Flexibele herbruikbare mal}, year = {2016}, url = {http://www.tektoniek.nl/maakbaarheid/flexibele-herbruikbare-mal} } |
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Schipper, H., Ham, P., Ravenshorst, G. and Van Beek, T. | C31B67 WP5-1 - Proposal of Quasi-static Cyclic Pushover Test on an Assembled Structure in CS Elements [BibTeX] |
2017 | School: Delft University of Technology | techreport | |
BibTeX:
@techreport{Schipper2017, author = {Schipper, H.R. and Ham, P.H. and Ravenshorst, G. and Van Beek, T.}, title = {C31B67 WP5-1 - Proposal of Quasi-static Cyclic Pushover Test on an Assembled Structure in CS Elements}, school = {Delft University of Technology}, year = {2017} } |
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Schipper, H. and Eigenraam, P. | Mapping double-curved surfaces for production as precast concrete shell elements | 2016 | HERON Vol. 61, pp. 211-234 |
article | URL |
Abstract: Practical implications of deforming a flat mould surface into a double-curved shape. Proposal for processing concrete elements with a complex double-curved geometry in an efficient and accurate manner using parametric, associative modelling. | |||||
BibTeX:
@article{Schipper2016b, author = {H.R. Schipper and P. Eigenraam}, title = {Mapping double-curved surfaces for production as precast concrete shell elements}, journal = {HERON}, year = {2016}, volume = {61}, pages = {211-234}, url = {http://heronjournal.nl/61-3/6.html} } |
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Troian, S., Grünewald, S., Schipper, R., Schlangen, E. and Çopuroğlu, O. | Deliberate Deformation of Concrete in the Fresh State - Crack Risk and Efficient Production of Curved Precast Elements | 2017 | High Tech Concrete: Where Technology and Engineering Meet: Proceedings of the 2017 fib Symposium, held in Maastricht, The Netherlands, June 12--14, 2017, pp. 2521-2529 | inproceedings | DOI URL |
Abstract: The production of double-curved precast concrete elements for cladding or shell structures requires expensive CNC (computer numerical control)-milled formwork. As an alternative method, the innovative flexible mould for economically efficient and sustainable production of such elements is discussed in this paper. This method comprises the use of a flexible, CNC-controlled formwork, which is filled with self-compacting concrete. After a short period of thixotropic stabilization in the fresh state, the flexible mould is then deformed into its desired geometry, typically having a strong curvature radius of only a few metres in one or two direction(s). After hardening and de-moulding, the flexible mould can be reused for elements with the same or different curved geometry. The present paper describes the outcomes of a study focussing on two aspects relevant for the abovementioned production method: effect of change of rheological properties in the first 90 min after casting and assessment of the risk of cracking and development of cracks during the deformation process. In an experimental study the following parameters were modified: radius of deformation, moment of deformation in time, panel thickness and water-cement ratio. The presence of cracks after deformation was investigated quantitatively, using a petrographic technology. The results show that for the application of the flexible mould method the plastic stage of concrete is important to be considered. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Troian2017, author = {Troian, Sergiu and Grünewald, Steffen and Schipper, Roel and Schlangen, Erik and Çopuroğlu, Oguzhan}, title = {Deliberate Deformation of Concrete in the Fresh State - Crack Risk and Efficient Production of Curved Precast Elements}, booktitle = {High Tech Concrete: Where Technology and Engineering Meet: Proceedings of the 2017 fib Symposium, held in Maastricht, The Netherlands, June 12--14, 2017}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, year = {2017}, pages = {2521--2529}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59471-2_287}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59471-2_287} } |
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Witterholt, S., Schipper, R., Grünewald, S., Hoogenboom, P., Nijsse, R. and van Vliet, H. | Case-Study on the Application of Precast Double-Curved Concrete Elements for the Green Planet Shell Structure | 2017 | High Tech Concrete: Where Technology and Engineering Meet: Proceedings of the 2017 fib Symposium, held in Maastricht, The Netherlands, June 12--14, 2017, pp. 2494-2502 | inproceedings | DOI URL |
Abstract: Double-curved structures in general, and monolithic concrete shell structures more specifically, can transfer forces very efficiently. As a result, the thickness-to-span ratio can be very low, which, material-wise, can lead to a very economical design. However, the construction of shell structures is very labour-intensive and comes with high formwork costs and shells in modern building practice are rarely constructed. Concrete shell structures can be cast in-situ making use of temporary formwork and falsework, but they can be (partially) prefabricated as well, like the Palazzetto dello Sport in Rome. Although precasting is an effective technology for the repetitive production of concrete elements, for double-curved structures, having a large variety of shapes, the advantages of precasting seem to diminish quickly as a result of high formwork costs. Another disadvantage of precasting shell elements obviously seems to be the complexity of the required connections. For shell structures, the loss of stiffness of the connections might even lead to a crucial reduction of the buckling stability. A combination of both building methods, the prefabrication of the supportive structure and a finish with a cast in-situ layer, solves this before-mentioned issues and the advantages of both methods are combined: reduction of the complexity of the connections with an in-situ cast concrete layer and integration of the supportive structure in the design for a more cost-efficient erection. This paper describes the study of an innovative, partially precast, alternative solution for the construction of shell structures, and specifically addresses the influence of connections between precast elements on the overall shell behaviour. The Green Planet gas station along the A32 highway in The Netherlands was selected as a design case for such a building method. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Witterholt2017, author = {Witterholt, Sietse and Schipper, Roel and Grünewald, Steffen and Hoogenboom, Pierre and Nijsse, Rob and van Vliet, Hans}, title = {Case-Study on the Application of Precast Double-Curved Concrete Elements for the Green Planet Shell Structure}, booktitle = {High Tech Concrete: Where Technology and Engineering Meet: Proceedings of the 2017 fib Symposium, held in Maastricht, The Netherlands, June 12--14, 2017}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, year = {2017}, pages = {2494--2502}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59471-2_284}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59471-2_284} } |
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Terwel, K., Schipper, H. and van Staalduinen, P. | Aanpak onderzoek bouwkundige schade Groningen – methodologie schadeonderzoek bij meervoudige oorzaken [BibTeX] |
2017 | School: Technische Universiteit Delft | techreport | |
BibTeX:
@techreport{Terwel2017, author = {K.C. Terwel and H.R. Schipper and P.C. van Staalduinen}, title = {Aanpak onderzoek bouwkundige schade Groningen – methodologie schadeonderzoek bij meervoudige oorzaken}, school = {Technische Universiteit Delft}, year = {2017} } |
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Schipper, H. | CIE4220 Introduction to building physics and facades [BibTeX] |
2017 | www | URL | |
BibTeX:
@www{CIE4220, author = {H.R. Schipper}, title = {CIE4220 Introduction to building physics and facades}, year = {2017}, url = {http://www.studiegids.tudelft.nl/a101_displayCourse.do?course_id=44515} } |
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Borg Costanzi, C., Ahmed, Z., Schipper, H., Bos, F., Knaack, U. and Wolfs, R. | 3D Printing Concrete on Temporary Surfaces: The design and Fabrication of a Concrete Shell Structure [BibTeX] |
2017 | Proceedings of the IASS Annual Symposium | inproceedings | |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Constanzi2017, author = {C. Borg Costanzi and Z.Y. Ahmed and H.R. Schipper and F.P. Bos and U. Knaack and R.J. Wolfs}, title = {3D Printing Concrete on Temporary Surfaces: The design and Fabrication of a Concrete Shell Structure}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IASS Annual Symposium}, year = {2017} } |
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Esposito, R., Jafari, S., Ravenshorst, G., Schipper, H. and Rots, J. | Influence of the behaviour of calcium silicate brick and element masonry on the lateral capacity of structures | 2018 | Proceedings of the 10th Australasian Masonry Conference, 11-14 February 2018 Sydney | inproceedings | URL |
Abstract: In recent years induced seismicity in the Netherlands considerably increased. This phenomenon has a wide impact on the built environment, which is mainly composed by unreinforced masonry (URM) structures. These buildings were not designed for seismic loading, and present peculiar characteristics include very slender walls (100 mm thickness and 2.5m in height), limited connections between walls and floors, and use of cavity walls. A large portion of the URM building stock consists of terraced houses in which the presence of calcium silicate (CS) masonry is often used. The CS masonry is used to build the loadbearing walls, which are part of the cavity wall system. The cavity walls are generally composed of two leaves of masonry separated by an empty cavity, having a thickness of 8-6 mm, and connected with steel anchors. On the basis of the construction year, different masonry unit were adopted to build the inner loadbearing leave: in the period 1960-1980 small CS brick and general purpose mortar were used, while after 1980, the presence of large CS elements and thin mortal layers is predominant. Although these materials are often used in the northern part of Europe, little information is available on their material and structural performance. In this paper, a comparison between the behaviour of CS brick and element masonry is presented. The results of two experimental campaigns carried out at Delft University of Technology are reported. Both masonry types have been characterised at the material level by performing standardised destructive tests, such as compression, shear, and bending tests on wallets. The characterisation at the structural level is carried out by performing quasi-static cyclic tests on full-scale two-story high assembled structures. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Esposito2018, author = {R. Esposito and S. Jafari and G.J.P. Ravenshorst and H.R. Schipper and J.G. Rots}, title = {Influence of the behaviour of calcium silicate brick and element masonry on the lateral capacity of structures}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th Australasian Masonry Conference, 11-14 February 2018 Sydney}, year = {2018}, url = {www.10amc.com} } |
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Schipper, R., Grünewald, S., Troian, S., Prashanth, R., Schlangen, E. and Çopuroğlu, O. | Assessment of concrete characteristics during the deliberate deformation of a flexible mould after casting | 2017 | CoMS2017 - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Construction Materials for Sustainable Future, 19-21 April, Zadar, Croatia | inproceedings | |
Abstract: Expensive CNC-milled formwork is required for the production of double-curved precast concrete elements for cladding or shell structures. The innovative flexible mould method for economically efficient and sustainable production of such elements, developed at Delft University of Technology, comprises the use of a flexible, CNC-controlled formwork, which is filled with selfcompacting concrete (SCC). This paper describes how curved precast concrete elements can be manufactured in this open and reusable flexible mould. The proposed method reduces formwork costs of architectural freeform elements made with concrete. First, the method is described briefly, then tests are discussed, demonstrating that by measuring the rheological parameters of the concrete during the process, the right moment of deformation can be determined. The measurements show that thixotropic behaviour of concrete for this manufacturing method is very helpful, since it leads to a quick increase of the yield strength of the fresh concrete, but still leaves concrete deformable in order to prevent cracking caused by the deformation of the mould. The change of the rheological behaviour of concrete in the period between mixing and deformation of the mould was assessed; an additional study was executed in order to assess the integrity of the concrete after the deformation of the mould | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schipper2017a, author = {Roel Schipper and Steffen Grünewald and Sergiu Troian and Raghunath Prashanth and Erik Schlangen and Oguzhan Çopuroğlu}, title = {Assessment of concrete characteristics during the deliberate deformation of a flexible mould after casting}, booktitle = {CoMS2017 - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Construction Materials for Sustainable Future, 19-21 April, Zadar, Croatia}, year = {2017} } |
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Greco, A., Konstantinou, T., Schipper, H., Binnekamp, R., Gerritsen, E., de Graaf, R. and van den Dobbelsteen, A. | Business case study for the zero energy refurbishment of commercial buildings | 2016 | Proceedings of SBE16, Sustainable Built Environment (SBE) Regional Conference, Zurich, June 15-17, 2016 | inproceedings | |
Abstract: Net zero energy is already an ambitious target for several buildings, especially since
the DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU that requires increasing the number of nearly zero energy buildings. The existing commercial building stock needs to be included in order to achieve the 2020 EU environmental targets. The main barriers of zero energy refurbishment of existing nonresidential buildings appear to be financial rather than technical, next to a number of other extrinsic factors that do not stimulate such an investment. While a business case for new zero energy buildings is believed to exist, controversial opinions can be found with respect to refurbishment of large buildings. The present study aims to identify the factors that affect the feasibility of the zero energy refurbishment of existing commercial buildings, while suggesting ways to create the business case addressing the Dutch market. Through interviews with real estate investors, the study identified the financial and technical barriers encountered today to undertake deep energy retrofit. Subsequently, the design interventions needed to refurbish a Dutch office building and meeting the net zero energy target were evaluated using a software complying with the Dutch standards NEN 7120. A risk and sensitivity analysis with Monte Carlo simulations showed the influence that design aspects, energy price and landlord-tenant agreements have on the business case. The study has concluded that a business case considering the energy savings alone is not sufficient to convince investors. However, when the design provides additional benefits, such as increasing the property value, the refurbishment can become feasible. This is an important observation to promote the refurbishment towards a zero energy building stock. |
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BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Greco2016, author = {A. Greco and T. Konstantinou and H.R. Schipper and R. Binnekamp and E. Gerritsen and R. de Graaf and A. van den Dobbelsteen}, title = {Business case study for the zero energy refurbishment of commercial buildings}, booktitle = {Proceedings of SBE16, Sustainable Built Environment (SBE) Regional Conference, Zurich, June 15-17, 2016}, year = {2016} } |
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Schipper, H.R., Hordijk, G.J., Turrin M., M.D.A., M., E.J.H., F. and Van Rhijn, A. | Parametrisch-geometrische modellen voor beoordeling van zonreflecties en andere bouwfysica-vraagstukken | 2018 | Bouwfysica Vol. 29 |
periodical | URL |
Abstract: Innovatieve software komt regelmatig op de markt, maar Rhinoceros-Grasshopper heeft een compleet nieuwe wereld aan mogelijkheden ontsloten. Ook voor de bouwfysicus is dit zeer relevant. Doordat gebruik wordt gemaakt van een intuïtieve, parametrische en grafische programmeertaal, kunnen complexe geometrische problemen zeer snel worden gemodelleerd en opgelost. Dit artikel beschrijft een bouwfysisch probleem dat in de ontwerpfase al voorkomen had kunnen worden door het snel en effectief door te rekenen met deze tool. | |||||
BibTeX:
@periodical{Schipper2018, author = {Schipper H.R. and Hordijk G.J. and Turrin M., and Mureau M.D.A. and Fransen E.J.H. and Van Rhijn A.}, title = {Parametrisch-geometrische modellen voor beoordeling van zonreflecties en andere bouwfysica-vraagstukken}, journal = {Bouwfysica}, year = {2018}, volume = {29}, url = {https://nvbv.org/01-2018/} } |
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Puente, I., Lindenbergh, R., Natijne, A.V., Esposito, R. and Schipper, R. | MONITORING OF PROGRESSIVE DAMAGE IN BUILDINGS USING LASER SCAN DATA [BibTeX] |
2018 | ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences Vol. {XLII}-2, pp. 923-929 |
article | DOI |
BibTeX:
@article{Puente2018, author = {I. Puente and R. Lindenbergh and A. Van Natijne and R. Esposito and R. Schipper}, title = {MONITORING OF PROGRESSIVE DAMAGE IN BUILDINGS USING LASER SCAN DATA}, journal = {ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences}, publisher = {Copernicus GmbH}, year = {2018}, volume = {XLII-2}, pages = {923--929}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-923-2018} } |
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Borg Costanzi, C., Ahmed, Z., Schipper, H., Bos, F., Knaack, U. and Wolfs, R. | 3D Printing Concrete on temporary surfaces: The design and fabrication of a concrete shell structure | 2018 | Automation in Construction Vol. 94, pp. 395 - 404 |
article | DOI URL |
Abstract: One of the geometrical restrictions associated with printed paste materials such as concrete, is that material must be self-supporting during printing. In this research paper a new methodology for 3D Printing Concrete onto a temporary freeform surface is presented. This is achieved by setting up a workflow for combining a Flexible Mould developed at TU Delft with a 4-degrees-of-freedom gantry printer (4 DOF) provided at TU Eindhoven. A number of hypothetical cases are studied, namely fully-printing geometries or combining 3D printing with casting concrete. The final outcome is a 5 m2 partially-printed and partially-cast shell structure, combined with a CNC-milled mould simulating a Flexible Mould. | |||||
BibTeX:
@article{Borgconstanzi2018, author = {C. Borg Costanzi and Z.Y. Ahmed and H.R. Schipper and F.P. Bos and U. Knaack and R.J.M. Wolfs}, title = {3D Printing Concrete on temporary surfaces: The design and fabrication of a concrete shell structure}, journal = {Automation in Construction}, year = {2018}, volume = {94}, pages = {395 - 404}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926580517306556}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2018.06.013} } |
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Esposito, R., Messali, F., Ravenshorst, G.J.P., Schipper, H.R. and Rots, J.G. | Seismic assessment of a lab-tested two-storey unreinforced masonry Dutch terraced house | 2019 | Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering | article | DOI URL |
Abstract: The exploitation of geo-resources in the northern part of the Netherlands (Groningen region) is triggering shallow earthquakes, rising the need of assessing the current building stock. Being the region not prone to tectonic earthquakes, buildings are designed as wind-resistant systems and have specific characteristics that can limit their seismic performance. In this framework, an extensive research has been carried out on the performance of low-rise unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings at Delft University of Technology. Major attention was focussed on the behaviour of terraced houses, which represent the majority of structures within the URM building stock. In this paper, the case study of a modern Dutch terraced house, built after 1980, made of calcium silicate element masonry and reinforced concrete floors is considered. A quasi-static cyclic test on a full-scale two-storey structure resembling the considered typology is presented. The experimental results are used to evaluate the seismic performance of the structure in the framework of the nonlinear static analyses. A comparative study highlights the importance of the selection of the assessment procedures. Adopting the experimental results as a benchmark, a blind prediction contest revealed a large output variability depending on the adopted analysis method and modelling choices. Consequently, the cross-validation among different analysis methods currently appears the best approach to achieve a more accurate prediction of the structural capacity. The combined experimental and numerical work presented in this paper allows gaining a deeper insight on the evaluation of the seismic performance of Dutch terraced houses. | |||||
BibTeX:
@article{Esposito2019, author = {Esposito, Rita and Messali, Francesco and Ravenshorst, Geert J. P. and Schipper, H. Roel and Rots, Jan G.}, title = {Seismic assessment of a lab-tested two-storey unreinforced masonry Dutch terraced house}, journal = {Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering}, year = {2019}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00572-w}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00572-w} } |
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Terwel, K. and Schipper, R. | Innovative Ways of Dealing with Existing Problems: How to reliably Assess the Cause of Damage of Masonry Structures in an Area with Man-induced Earthquakes? | 2019 | Vol. 112IABSE Symposium, Nantes 2018, pp. S23-39-S23-46 |
inproceedings | |
Abstract: Groningen, a province in the northern part of the Netherlands, suffers from earthquakes because of gas drilling. The residential building stock in Groningen was not designed for these loads. Over the years a lot of smaller and larger damage has developed, possibly - but not necessarily - caused by the effects of gas drilling. Delft University of Technology was asked by the Dutch government to come up with a method to reliably assess the cause of damage of masonry structures in Groningen. This paper discusses the developed approach for reliably assessing the causes of failure of masonry structures in earthquake-prone areas and the way innovative monitoring techniques were applied. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Terwel2019, author = {Karel Terwel and Roel Schipper}, title = {Innovative Ways of Dealing with Existing Problems: How to reliably Assess the Cause of Damage of Masonry Structures in an Area with Man-induced Earthquakes?}, booktitle = {IABSE Symposium, Nantes 2018}, publisher = {International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE)}, year = {2019}, volume = {112}, pages = {S23--39--S23--46} } |
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Schipper, R. and Dinh, N. | Student Shapers Project - Evidence for better design education: measuring curriculum review effects in a quantitative way - Study on survey methods (draft) [BibTeX] |
2019 | unpublished | ||
BibTeX:
@unpublished{Schipper2019, author = {Roel Schipper and Nguyen Dinh}, title = {Student Shapers Project - Evidence for better design education: measuring curriculum review effects in a quantitative way - Study on survey methods (draft)}, year = {2019} } |
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Sánchez-Aparicio, L.J., Herrero-Huerta, M., Esposito, R., Schipper, H.R. and González-Aguilera, D. | Photogrammetric Solution for Analysis of Out-Of-Plane Movements of a Masonry Structure in a Large-Scale Laboratory Experiment | 2019 | Remote Sensing Vol. 11(1871) |
article | DOI |
Abstract: This paper proposes a photogrammetric procedure able to determine out-of-plane movements experienced by a masonry structure subjected to a quasi-static cyclic test. The method tracks the movement of circular targets by means of a coarse-to-fine strategy. These targets were captured by means of a photogrammetric network, made up of four cameras optimized following the precepts of a zero-, first-, and second-order design. The centroid of each circular target was accurately detected for each image using the Hough transform, a sub-pixel edge detector based on the partial area eect, and a non-linear square optimization strategy. The three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of these targets were then computed through a photogrammetric bundle adjustment considering a self-calibration model of the camera. To validate the photogrammetric method, measurements were carried out in parallel to an ongoing test on a full-scale two-story unreinforced masonry structure (5.4 5.2 5.4-m) monitored with more than 200 contact sensors. The results provided by the contact sensors during one of the load phases were compared with those obtained by the proposed approach. According to this accuracy assessment, the method was able to determine the out-of-plane displacement during the quasi-static cyclic test with a sub-pixel accuracy of 0.58. | |||||
BibTeX:
@article{Sanchez-Aparicio2019, author = {Luis Javier Sánchez-Aparicio and Mónica Herrero-Huerta and Rita Esposito and Hugo Roel Schipper and Diego González-Aguilera}, title = {Photogrammetric Solution for Analysis of Out-Of-Plane Movements of a Masonry Structure in a Large-Scale Laboratory Experiment}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, year = {2019}, volume = {11}, number = {1871}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11161871} } |
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de Boer, H. and Schipper, H. | CTB3345 / CIE3345 Building Physics and Façades - Reader Façade Design [BibTeX] |
2016 | manual | ||
BibTeX:
@manual{Boer2016, author = {H.R. de Boer and H.R. Schipper}, title = {CTB3345 / CIE3345 Building Physics and Façades - Reader Façade Design}, year = {2016} } |
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Muishout, C.E., Coggins, T.N. and Schipper, H.R. | More Than Meets the Eye? Robotisation and Normativity in the Dutch Construction Industry [BibTeX] |
2020 | RILEM Bookseries, pp. 839-851 | inproceedings | DOI |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Muishout2020, author = {Chantal E. Muishout and Tom N. Coggins and H. Roel Schipper}, title = {More Than Meets the Eye? Robotisation and Normativity in the Dutch Construction Industry}, booktitle = {RILEM Bookseries}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, year = {2020}, pages = {839--851}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49916-7_82} } |
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Grünewald, S. and Schipper, R. | Transition from Fluid to Solid Concrete in the Flexible Mould Process [BibTeX] |
2020 | RILEM Bookseries, pp. 262-271 | inproceedings | DOI |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Gruenewald2020, author = {Steffen Grünewald and Roel Schipper}, title = {Transition from Fluid to Solid Concrete in the Flexible Mould Process}, booktitle = {RILEM Bookseries}, year = {2020}, pages = {262-271}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49916-7_27} } |
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Buswell, R.A., da Silva, W.R.L., Bos, F.P., Schipper, H.R., Lowke, D., Hack, N., Kloft, H., Mechtcherine, V., Wangler, T. and Roussel, N. | A process classification framework for defining and describing Digital Fabrication with Concrete [BibTeX] |
2020 | Cement & Concrete Research Vol. 134, pp. 106068 |
article | DOI |
BibTeX:
@article{Buswell2020, author = {R. A. Buswell and W. R. Leal da Silva and F. P. Bos and H. R. Schipper and D. Lowke and N. Hack and H. Kloft and V. Mechtcherine and T. Wangler and N. Roussel}, title = {A process classification framework for defining and describing Digital Fabrication with Concrete}, journal = {Cement & Concrete Research}, year = {2020}, volume = {134}, pages = {106068}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106068} } |
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Dugar, Y., Bokel, R., Schipper, H. and Wiedenhoff, F. | Investigating human behaviour using sensors measuring the indoor climate and energy performance of three Dutch residential dwellings | 2021 | Bouwfysica Vol. 1, pp. 24-32 |
periodical | URL |
Abstract: Buildings don't use energy: People do. This leads to the following question [1]: Do highly efficient homes really save energy? According to recent studies, accurate building energy simulation for multiple buildings could not predict the actual energy consumption. This is called the 'energy performance gap'. The regulatory energy performance gap is found to deviate by +34% with an SD of 55% based on 62 case buildings in the United Kingdom (UK) [2]. In certain cases, the energy performance gap due to occupant behaviour was 300% [3]. In the Netherlands, it was shown that occupants of low-energy efficient buildings consumed less gas (for space heating and hot water) than expected, while the occupants of energy efficient buildings consumed more than expected [4]. This gap is attributed to factors such as climate, indoor design criteria, building energy & service systems, building envelope, building operation & maintenance and occupant behaviour [5]. Significant progress in investigating all the stated aspects has been made, except the latter - occupant behaviour.
This article summarises a master's thesis research at TU Delft that aimed to investigate if sensors can help improve occupant behaviour to reduce the energy consumption of typical Dutch residential dwellings. Furthermore, it seeks to answer questions like - Are micro-controllers and sensors a reliable mean of data collection? From three households, a variety of data was collected with the intention to study the impact of occupants using a novel and inexpensive (€14 per set-up) method of data collection. This called for bridging three fields - electronics, computer science and building physics. |
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BibTeX:
@periodical{Dugar2021, author = {Dugar, Y. and Bokel, R.M.J. and Schipper, H.R. and Wiedenhoff, F.J.}, title = {Investigating human behaviour using sensors measuring the indoor climate and energy performance of three Dutch residential dwellings}, journal = {Bouwfysica}, year = {2021}, volume = {1}, pages = {24-32}, url = {www.nvbv.org} } |
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Ghering, V., Itard, L., van den Brom, P. and Schipper, R. | Simulated Thermal Comfort in Renovated Houses with LTH [BibTeX] |
2022 | CLIMA2022 Eye on 2030 - Towards digitalized, healthy, circular and energy efficient HVAC, REHVA 14th HVAC World Congress, Rotterdam | inproceedings | |
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ghering2022, author = {Victor Ghering and Laure Itard and Paula van den Brom and Roel Schipper}, title = {Simulated Thermal Comfort in Renovated Houses with LTH}, booktitle = {CLIMA2022 Eye on 2030 - Towards digitalized, healthy, circular and energy efficient HVAC, REHVA 14th HVAC World Congress, Rotterdam}, year = {2022} } |
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Asprone, D., Menna, C., Bos, F., Mata-Falcón, J., Ferrara, L., Auricchio, F., Cadoni, E., Cunha, V.M.C.F., Esposito, L., Fromm, A., Grünewald, S., Kloft, H., Mechtcherine, V., Nerella, V.N. and Schipper, R. | Structural Design and Testing of Digitally Manufactured Concrete Structures | 2022 | Digital Fabrication with Cement-Based Materials: State-of-the-Art Report of the RILEM TC 276-DFC, pp. 187-222 | inbook | DOI URL |
Abstract: The form freedom enabled by digital fabrication with concrete technologies provides advantages for a wide range of concrete based objects, from architectural to structural elements. The current chapter focuses on the specifics of structural design and engineering of DFC with emphasis on those technologies based on Additive Manufacturing with extrusion. Since it is a new and innovative way to build, a clear common approach to structural engineering has not yet been developed. As a result, this chapter aims to introduce the specific challenges of structural design and engineering with the additive manufacturing technology, providing an overview of structural typologies that have been developed (especially concerning the reinforcement strategies, including fibre reinforcement). Furthermore, the structural principles adopted in DFC and the codified approaches used in conventional reinforced concrete is compared, and putative structural testing procedures and validation methods for DFC are reported. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inbook{Asprone2022, author = {Asprone, Domenico and Menna, Costantino and Bos, Freek and Mata-Falcón, Jaime and Ferrara, Liberato and Auricchio, Ferdinando and Cadoni, Ezio and Cunha, Vítor M. C. F. and Esposito, Laura and Fromm, Asko and Grünewald, Steffen and Kloft, Harald and Mechtcherine, Viktor and Nerella, Venkatesh Naidu and Schipper, Roel}, title = {Structural Design and Testing of Digitally Manufactured Concrete Structures}, booktitle = {Digital Fabrication with Cement-Based Materials: State-of-the-Art Report of the RILEM TC 276-DFC}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, year = {2022}, pages = {187--222}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90535-4_6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90535-4_6} } |
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Buswell, R.A., Bos, F.P., Silva, W.R.L.d., Hack, N., Kloft, H., Lowke, D., Freund, N., Fromm, A., Dini, E., Wangler, T., Lloret-Fritschi, E., Schipper, R., Mechtcherine, V., Perrot, A., Vasilic, K. and Roussel, N. | Digital Fabrication with Cement-Based Materials: Process Classification and Case Studies | 2022 | Digital Fabrication with Cement-Based Materials: State-of-the-Art Report of the RILEM TC 276-DFC, pp. 11-48 | inbook | DOI URL |
Abstract: The need for methods for forming concrete has existed for as long as concrete has been used in constructing the built environment. Creating flat, rectilinear formers have traditionally been the cost and time efficient default for the majority of applications. The desire for greater design freedom and the drive to automate construction manufacturing is providing a platform for the continued development of a family of processes called Digital Fabrication with Concrete (DFC) technologies. DFC technologies are many and varied. Much of the material science theory is common, but the process steps vary significantly between methods, creating challenges as we look towards performance comparison and standardisation. Presented here is a framework to help identify and describe process differences and a showcase of DFC application case studies that explain the processes behind a sub-set of the technologies available. | |||||
BibTeX:
@inbook{Buswell2022, author = {Buswell, R. A. and Bos, F. P. and Silva, Wilson Ricardo Leal da and Hack, N. and Kloft, Harald and Lowke, Dirk and Freund, Niklas and Fromm, Asko and Dini, E. and Wangler, Timothy and Lloret-Fritschi, E. and Schipper, Roel and Mechtcherine, Viktor and Perrot, Arnaud and Vasilic, K. and Roussel, Nicolas}, title = {Digital Fabrication with Cement-Based Materials: Process Classification and Case Studies}, booktitle = {Digital Fabrication with Cement-Based Materials: State-of-the-Art Report of the RILEM TC 276-DFC}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, year = {2022}, pages = {11--48}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90535-4_2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90535-4_2} } |